Ceramic Tiles Installation Guide

This page provides detailed information about the use and specifications of ceramic tiles, including their compatibility with underfloor heating, outdoor applications, and suitability for wet rooms. It highlights important considerations like tile thickness, weight, and ideal uses, such as splash-backs and vanity units. Additionally, it addresses order requirements and the availability of essential installation materials like grouts and adhesives.
Installation Guide
Ceramic Tiles
Are Ceramic Tiles suitable for use with underfloor heating?

Whilst ceramic tiles are highly compatible with underfloor heating we do not generally recommend ceramic tiles for floor use and would always lean towards a porcelain tile. 

Can Ceramic Tiles be used outside/externally? 

Ceramic tiles can be used outdoors, but it’s important to choose tiles that are rated for exterior use. These tiles are usually denser and less porous, making them frost-resistant. We recommend consulting with us about the specific tile’s suitability for outdoor applications to ensure it can withstand moisture and temperature changes.

Can Ceramic Tiles be used in a wet room?

Yes, ceramic tiles are an excellent choice for wet rooms. Their water resistance and ease of maintenance make them suitable for high-moisture environments. We recommend using ceramic tiles for wall use only. 

I need less than the minimum order requirement. What should I do? 

If you need fewer tiles than our minimum order, please contact us directly. We may be able to accommodate smaller orders depending on stock availability or suggest alternative options that fit your project needs.

Do you sell grouts, adhesives, and sealants? 

Yes, we offer a variety of installation materials, including grouts, adhesives, and sealants, that are ideal for ceramic tile applications. You can explore our Accessories section or reach out for recommendations on the best products for your specific tile project.

Can I have my Ceramic Tiles faster?

Our standard lead time for ceramic tiles is 2-3 weeks for stock items. If you need the tiles urgently, please contact us to explore potential options. We can check stock availability or discuss rush production possibilities, though we cannot always guarantee faster delivery

Can I pick up my Ceramic Tiles?

Unfortunately, due to space and parking limitations at our Belsize Park showroom, we are unable to offer a collection service. We recommend arranging for delivery directly to your installation site, as ceramic tiles are typically transported by pallet and should be handled with care.

How thick are Ceramic Tiles? 

Ceramic tiles generally have a thickness of 8-10mm, though this may vary depending on the specific product or application. Please refer to the product specifications for more detailed information or contact us for custom orders with specific thickness requirements.

How heavy are Ceramic Tiles? 

Ceramic tiles weigh approximately 18-22kg per square meter, depending on the size and thickness. This lightweight nature compared to other tiles like cement or porcelain makes them easier to install, but it's still important to ensure proper support when used on walls or elevated areas.

Are Ceramic Tiles suitable for worktops, splashbacks, and vanity units?

Yes, ceramic tiles are highly suitable for splashbacks and vanity units due to their water and stain resistance. They are a popular choice for kitchen backsplashes and bathroom vanity surfaces, as they are easy to clean and maintain. However, for worktops, consider whether the specific ceramic tile chosen is durable enough to handle heavy use and heat.

Can you supply Ceramic Tiles in custom sizes or designs? 

Yes, we offer customization options for ceramic tiles, including bespoke sizes, patterns, and colors. Custom orders typically have a longer lead time, around 8-10 weeks, depending on the complexity of the design. Please contact us with your project specifications, and we will be happy to assist.

Installation Guide
Preparation
How do I prepare the surface for installing ceramic tiles?

The substrate must be flat, clean, dry, and free of dust or grease before installing Ceramic tiles. For walls, a smooth and rigid surface such as cement backer board or plaster is recommended. In wet areas, such as bathrooms or kitchens, a waterproofing membrane should be applied to protect the substrate from moisture. A well-prepared surface is crucial for a professional finish.

Do I need to waterproof surfaces in wet areas before installation? 

Yes, waterproofing is essential in areas that will be exposed to water, such as wet rooms, bathrooms, and kitchens. Use a waterproofing membrane or liquid sealant to ensure that water does not penetrate the substrate, which can lead to long-term damage or mould growth.​

What should I do if the surface is uneven?

For uneven surfaces, use a levelling compound to create a smooth, flat substrate before installing the tiles. This is especially important for larger tiles or heavy materials like terrazzo, which require a solid, stable base to prevent cracking or lifting over time.

Are movement joints required for tile installation? 

Yes, movement joints are essential to accommodate structural movement and prevent cracking in tiled floors. These joints should be included in areas where tiles meet other materials, around the perimeter of the room, and over structural joints in the substrate. The spacing of the movement joints will depend on the size of the tiled area and the type of material being installed​. 

What adhesive should I use for ceramic tiles?

Use a high-performance, cement-based adhesive like Kerakoll H40 Advanced, which is ideal for ceramic tiles. This flexible adhesive ensures a strong bond between the tile and substrate, preventing vertical slip and accommodating minor substrate movement. It’s suitable for both interior and exterior installations.​

How do I install ceramic tiles? 

Follow these steps to install ceramic tiles: 

  • Adhesive Application: Apply the adhesive to both the substrate and the back of the tile (back-buttering) using a notched trowel. Ensure an even layer of adhesive to create a full bond. 
  • Tile Placement: Lay the tiles carefully, pressing them firmly into the adhesive. Use tile spacers to maintain consistent grout joints. Periodically check that the tiles are level using a spirit level or straight edge. 
  • Curing Time: Allow the adhesive to set according to the manufacturer's recommendations, usually 24 hours, before grouting​. 
What grout should I use for ceramic tiles?

For ceramic tiles, Kerakoll Fugabella Color or Fugalite Color are excellent choices: 

  • Fugabella Color: A resin-cement grout offering high water repellency and flexibility. 
  • Fugalite Color: A waterproof, stain-proof resin grout that is ideal for high-traffic areas and wet rooms. Both products are available in a wide range of colors to match or contrast with your tile design. 
How do I grout ceramic tiles? 
  • Grout Application: After the adhesive has cured, apply grout with a rubber float. Ensure the grout is pressed into the joints thoroughly. 
  • Cleaning: Use a damp sponge to clean off excess grout from the surface, wiping diagonally across the tiles to avoid pulling grout out of the joints. 
  • Curing: Allow the grout to cure fully before exposing the tiles to water or heavy foot traffic​. 
Do I need to seal ceramic tiles? 

Glazed ceramic tiles do not require sealing as their surface is naturally resistant to moisture and stains. However, the grout between the tiles should be sealed with a penetrating sealer to prevent staining and moisture damage. Epoxy grout does not require sealing due to its non-porous nature, but cement-based grout should be sealed after installation.

Installation Guide
Maintenance and Care
How do I clean ceramic tiles on a daily basis?

For regular cleaning, use an all-purpose, low-VOC household or commercial cleaner that is compatible with grout joints. A multipurpose spray cleaner designed to remove soap scum, hard water deposits, and mildew is ideal for wall tiles in showers and baths. Use a soft cotton mop, cloth, sponge, or non-metallic brush to apply the cleaner, agitating the surface as needed. Rinse with clean water and dry the area thoroughly to avoid water spots. Harsh chemicals or acidic cleaners should be avoided, as they can damage both the tile and the grout.

How do I maintain ceramic tiles in the long term? 
  • Routine Cleaning: For general maintenance, sweep or vacuum the floor to remove dust and dirt before cleaning with liquid products. Regular use of a neutral pH cleaner, such as Fila Cleaner Pro, is recommended. 
  • Dealing with Buildup: For more intense cleaning, especially in high-traffic areas or where hard water deposits and soap scum accumulate (e.g., bathrooms), a cleaner specifically designed for tile maintenance can be used​.
What should I avoid when cleaning ceramic tiles? 

Avoid: 

  • Harsh Chemicals: Cleaners with high acid content can damage grout and the glazed surface of the tiles. Products containing ammonia can discolour grout​. 
  • Abrasive Pads: Steel wool or hard scrubbers may scratch the tile's surface 
How do I handle stains on ceramic tiles? 

For everyday stains: 

  • Grease or Oil Stains: Use a tile cleaner like Fila PS87 Pro to remove grease or oil. 
  • Soap Scum and Mildew: In bathrooms, use a multipurpose cleaner designed for soap scum and mildew. Regular cleaning with these products helps to prevent long-term staining. 

 

Do ceramic tiles need to be sealed?

Glazed ceramic tiles do not require sealing as their surface is naturally resistant to moisture and stains. However, the grout between the tiles should be sealed with a penetrating sealer to prevent staining and moisture damage. Epoxy grout does not require sealing due to its non-porous nature, but cement-based grout should be sealed after installation.

How do I remove sealers, waxes, or floor finishes from ceramic tiles?

If ceramic tiles have been treated with a topical sealer or wax, it can be removed with a tile sealer and adhesive remover. Apply the remover undiluted, allowing it to sit until the residue softens. Agitate with a white emulsifying pad if necessary, and wipe away the residue with a clean cloth or sponge. Rinse thoroughly with water to finish​.

How should I care for the grout?

Grout darkens over time, and regular sealing helps maintain its appearance. Grout should be sealed 72 hours after installation using a penetrating sealer to prevent stains. To clean grout, use a non-acidic grout cleaner that removes surface buildup like grease, soap scum, and mildew. For heavily stained grout, consider using a grout stain removal to restore its original colour.

Can ceramic tiles be used outdoors? How do I maintain them in exterior applications?

Ceramic tiles can be used outdoors if they are rated for exterior use. Frost-resistant tiles are ideal for areas exposed to cold weather. Regular cleaning with a neutral cleaner and occasional deep cleaning will help maintain their appearance. Ensure that the grout is properly sealed to protect against moisture. 

 

Installation Guide
Tools and Materials
What tools do I need for tile installation?

For a successful tile installation, you will need the following basic tools: 

  • Notched Trowel: Used to apply adhesive evenly to the substrate and tile back. 
  • Tile Spacers: Essential for ensuring uniform grout lines between tiles. 
  • Tile Cutter or Wet Saw: For cutting tiles to size, especially for intricate layouts. 
  • Rubber Mallet: Helps gently tap tiles into place without damaging the surface. 
  • Level: Ensures that the tiles are installed evenly across the surface. 
  • Grout Float: Used to apply grout into the joints between tiles. 
  • Sponge: For cleaning off excess grout during and after installation.
What adhesives should I use for different tile types?

Porcelain and Ceramic Tiles: Kerakoll H40 Advanced performs excellently with porcelain and ceramic tiles, offering great flexibility, ensuring full bed adhesion, and preventing tile movement during installation​

What grouts should I use for different tile applications?

We offer two main types of decorative grouts that are suitable for various applications: 

  • Fugabella Color: A resin-cement grout ideal for grouting ceramic tiles, mosaics, and natural stones. It offers: 
  • High water repellency and very low water absorption. 
  • Superior flexibility and high surface hardness, preventing mold and bacteria growth. 
  • Suitable for both internal and external use with excellent color uniformity, available in 50 shades​.
  • Fugalite Color: A waterproof resin grout that provides stain-proof, chemical, and mechanical resistance. It is ideal for high-traffic and moisture-prone areas such as kitchens and bathrooms. It is also HACCP/EC certified for food hygiene applications and available in 50 colours​. 
Do I need to use a primer or membrane on the substrate?

Yes, priming or waterproofing the substrate is often required: 

  • Waterproofing Membrane: In areas like wet rooms, bathrooms, or external environments, use Kerakoll Aquastop Nanoflex to protect the substrate from water damage. 
  • Primer: For absorbent substrates, apply Kerakoll Primer A Eco to improve adhesion and bonding between the tiles and substrate​ 
What is Terrazzo?

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Installation Guide
Troubleshooting
Why is my grout cracking?

Grout cracking is usually caused by one of two main issues: 

  1. Movement in the Substrate: If the substrate underneath the tiles is not stable or has movement, it can cause stress on the grout, leading to cracks. 
  2. Incorrect Grout Mixing: If the grout is mixed with too much water, it can become porous, which weakens the grout and makes it prone to cracking. Ensure proper grout consistency and use a flexible grout in areas that may experience movement. 
Why are my tiles cracking? 

Cracking in tiles is often related to substrate movement or improper adhesive application: 

  • Movement in the Substrate: If the substrate is unstable or there is movement (e.g., in wooden subfloors), this movement transfers to the tiles, causing them to crack. 
  • Improper Adhesive Application: If the wrong adhesive was used or applied unevenly, it can result in voids underneath the tiles, making them susceptible to cracking. Always use a suitable adhesive like Kerakoll H40 Advanced and ensure full adhesive coverage under each tile​. 
Why do my newly installed tiles appear hazy?

A haze on newly installed tiles is usually caused by grout residue left on the surface: 

  • Grout Residue: Grout haze is common after installation. To remove it, use a cleaner specifically designed for grout residue removal. 
  • Sealed Tiles: If the tiles were sealed before cleaning, the sealer may need to be stripped to properly clean off the grout. Allow the tiles to dry completely before resealing​.
What causes loose tiles?

Loose tiles can occur when they are not properly adhered to the substrate. This may be due to: 

  • Existing Loose Tiling: If the existing tiles were loose or the substrate was not prepared correctly, new tiles placed over them may not bond properly. It’s essential to ensure that the substrate is solid and free of loose debris​. 
  • Improper Adhesive Coverage: Ensure that adhesive is applied evenly across the entire back of the tile (back-buttering) to prevent voids that lead to loose tiles​. 

 

Why is my grout discoloured? 

Grout discoloration is usually caused by improper mixing or cleaning: 

  • Incorrect Water-to-Grout Ratio: Adding too much water to grout can weaken its structure, making it prone to discoloration. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommended water-to-grout ratio. 
  • Uneven Grout Batches: If different batches of grout are used for the same installation, there may be slight variations in colour. For consistency, mix all the grout needed for a project at once. 
Why do my tiles sound hollow when tapped?

A hollow sound under tiles usually indicates poor bonding with the substrate: 

  • Incomplete Adhesive Coverage: If the adhesive wasn’t spread evenly, voids may form under the tiles, causing them to sound hollow. 
Why is the tile surface uneven? 

An uneven surface is often due to improper levelling of the substrate or inconsistent tile placement: 

  • Uneven Substrate: If the substrate is not level, it can lead to tiles being placed unevenly. Always level the substrate using a levelling compound before starting the installation​. 
  • Improper Tile Spacing: If spacers are not used or tiles are not aligned carefully, the surface may be uneven. Adjust tiles carefully during installation and check frequently with a level​.